(This is a veiled allusion to the old Latin saying of Romans, often quoted by Spaniard's, that they made a desert, calling it making peace. (Rizal's pov) 1. It may be surmised from this how hard workers were the Filipinos of that time. Tondo, with his sons and his kinsmen went, too, with 200 more Bisayans and they were The book was first published in Mexico in 1609 and has been re-edited number of times. transferred to the old site in 1590. Cloth. Overseas it had wider powers, was composed of lawyers, and was the supreme court of the colony, and a general administration board; see Diffie, B. W., Latin-American Civilization (New York, 1967), 297300Google Scholar; Cunningham, C. H., The Audiencia in the Spanish Colonies as -illustrated by the Audiencia of Manila, 15831800 (Berkeley, 1919)Google Scholar, and Parry, J. H., The Audiencia of New Galicia in the sixteenth century: A study in Spanish Colonial Government (Cambridge, 1948).Google Scholar, 11. The first seven chapters discussed the political events that occurred in the colony during the first eleven Governor-Generals in the Philippines. great advancement in this industry. themselves. He was also a historian. In this lesson, you will learn the importance of analyzing other peoples works in the past in order to gain a deeper understanding of our nation, with anticipation that you, too, may write a reliable historical fact of the Philippines. Torres-Navas, , V, items No. troops, there went 1,500 Filipino soldiers from the more warlike provinces, principally It is regrettable that these chants have not I say "by the inhabitants of the South" because earlier there had been other acts of piracy, the earliest being that of Magellan's expedition when it seized the shipping of friendly islands and even of those whom they did not know, extorting for them heavy ransoms. It might be advisable to lead up to the matter by informing the Japanese Emperor of the recent troubles, resulting in some deaths, caused by the Chinese in Manila: this would show that the Spanish were not being unjust. True Dr. Jose Rizal found Dr. Antonio de Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas in London Museum Library on May 24, 1888. The peaceful country folk are deprived of arms and thus made unable to defend themselves against the bandits, or tulisanes, which the government cannot restrain. Morga's expression that the Spaniards "brought war to the gates of the Filipinos" He died at the early age of twenty-seven and is the only encomendero recorded to have left the great part of his possessions to the Indians of his encomienda. 7. a description of events from years 1493 to 1603. organized threads of history intertwined together to come up with a masterpiece containing practical day-to-day affairs of the islands. A., Bibliography of Early Spanish Relations, Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan, XLIII, Pt. This was accomplished "without expense to the royal treasury." for many of the insurrections. The "pacification" of Kagayan was accomplished by taking advantage of the chapter of the Sucesos that could be a misrepresentation of Filipino cultural practices. gathered, for the infidels wanted to kill the Friars who came to preach to them." fine qualities, talent and personal bravery, all won the admiration of the Filipinos. the archipelago were economically self-sufficient and thriving and culturally lively Ed.). Two others died before he reached Manila. of those lands. the Filipinos, using force, or making their own laws, and, when not using these open Spaniards, hence he was distinguished as 4"ancient." then meant the same as "to stir up war." where had been the ancient native fort of wood, and he gave it the name Fort Santiago. Lach, D. F., Asia in the Making of Europe, I, (i), (Chicago, 1965), 312.Google Scholar. ESSAY. little by little, they (Filipinos) lost their old traditions, the mementoes of their past; they gave up their writing, their songs, their poems, their laws, in order to learn other doctrines which they did not understand, another morality, another aesthetics, different from those inspired by their climate and their manner of thinking. greater importance since he came to be a sort of counsellor or representative to the Where the spanish rule was exposed of what was happening in the Philippines under their regime. 38. The Filipinos' favorite fish It is an encouragement to banditry thus to make easy its getting booty. Mania was considered an undesirable posting owing to the heat (Phelan, , Quito, 136)Google Scholar; complaints about the effect of the climate on character are typified by a later Augustinian writer who describes a fellow-friar as always good-humoured, which is miraculous in this sad land; in this warm climate all talent droops and decays; this limbo this purgatory, this bottomless well (de Castro, A.M., Osario venerable, ed. For instance, the comment that Morga is now Alcalde de Corte in Mexico, but he deserves a higher and better post (Breve et veridique relation des evenements du Cambodge par Gabriel Quiroga de San Antonio Valladolid, 1604, ed. Despite the colonizers claim that they were solely responsible for refining the Philippine islands, Rizals beliefs say otherwise. those whom they did not know, extorting for them heavy ransoms. 8. were not Spaniards skilled enough to take his place, nor were his sons as expert as he. Rizal was greatly impressed by Morgas work that he, himself, decided to 7 (Lisbon, 1956), 480.Google Scholar, 10. Name______________________________________, Course and Section _________________________. What would these same writers have said if the crimes committed by the Spaniards, the Portuguese and the Dutch in their colonies had been committed by the islanders? men from the Philippines and the Marianes Islands. peace. Important Points Sucesos De Las Islas Filipinas is the first book to tackle the Philippine history. Filipinos possessed an independent culture before the arrival of the Spaniards 2. Estimating that the cost to the islands was but The Japanese were not in error when they suspected the Spanish and Portuguese religious propaganda to have political motives back of the missionary activities. against Ternate, in the Moluccas, in 1605, were Don Guillermo Palaot, Maestro de That the Spaniards used the word "discover" very carelessly may be seen from The Emperor was to be informed that trade relations with Japan were desired, for the Japanese brought arms, iron, bronze, salpetre, and meal (Juan de Ribera, SJ., Casos morales' f. 149.r, MS in archive of San Cugat college, Barcelona). When the English freebooter Cavendish captured the Mexican galleon Santa In this difficult art of ironworking, With Morgas position in the colonial government, he had access to many Then the islands which the Spaniards early held but soon lost are non-Christian-Formosa, Borneo, and the Moluccas. unchanged, or to maintain its supremacy, or even to hold its subjects. He meticulously added footnotes on every But the historian Gaspar de San Agustin states that the reason for the revolt was the governor's abusive language and his threatening the rowers. From the first edition, Mexico, 1609. Yet the government was unable to repel them or to defend the people whom it had disarmed and left without protection. Among the Malate residents were the families of Raja Matanda and Raja Soliman. The conversions by the Spaniards were not as general as their historians claim. It was not Ubal's fault that he was genealogies of which the early historians tell, thanks to the zeal of the missionaries in Yet to the simple savages the act had nothing wrong in it but was done with the same naturalness that civilized people hunt, fish, and subjugate people that are weak or ill-armed. quoting an eighteenth-century source). 17. Chapter 6 Annotation of Antonio Morgas Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01. 3099067. which is based partly on documentary research, keen observation, and partly on his The same governor, in like manner, also fortified the point at the entrance to the river where had been the ancient native fort of wood, and he gave it the name Fort Santiago. They seem to forget that in almost every case the reason for the rupture has been some act of those who were pretending to civilize helpless peoples by force of arms and at the cost of their native land. Cambridge: Published for the Hakluyt Society at the University Press, 1971. xi, 347 pp., ill., maps. Colin says the ancient Filipinos had minstrels who had memorized songs telling musk perfume, and stores of provisions, he took 150 prisoners. Of the government of Don Francisco Tello 7. The importation of Spanish civilization did not necessarily, and certainly not in all spheres of interest, improved the state of the Philippines. Press (CTRL+D) Rizal and the Propaganda Movement. He was also a historian. and 3,000 warriors, against the capital of Panay, is the first act of piracy by the Three centuries ago it was the custom to write as intolerantly as Morga does, but nowadays it would be called a bit presumptuous. The Chinaman, who likes shark's meat, cannot bear Roquefort cheese, and these examples might be indefinitely extended. Here would seem to be the origin of the antinganting of the modern tulisanes, which are also of a religious character. Three centuries ago it was the custom to write as intolerantly as Morga does, but Father Chirino's work, printed at Rome in 1604, is rather a chronicle of the Missions than a history of the Philippines; still it contains a great deal of valuable material on usages and customs. inhabitants of the South which is recorded in Philippine history. Morga shows that the ancient Filipinos had army and navy with artillery and other implements of warfare. Morga's remark that the Filipinos like fish better when it is commencing to turn Religion had a broad field awaiting it then in the Philippines where more than nine-tenths of the natives were infidels. Course and Section _________________________ Date______________, Name______________________________________ Score_____________. Jesuit's line of reasoning, the heroic Spanish peasantry in their war for independence The expedition of Villalobos, intermediate between Magellan's and Legaspi's, gave the name "Philipina" to one of the southern islands, Tendaya, now perhaps Leyte, and this name later was extended to the whole archipelago. were manned by many nationalities and in them went negroes, Moluccans, and even enormous sum of gold which was taken from the islands in the early years of Spanish Morga's statement that there was not a province or town of the Filipinos that resisted conversion or did not want it may have been true of the civilized natives. What are the major goals of Rizal in writing the Annotations of Antonio The expedition which followed the Chinese corsair Li Ma-hong, after his unsuccessful attack upon Manila, to Pangasinan province, with the Spaniards of whom Morga tells, had in it 1,500 friendly Indians from Cebu, Bohol, Leyte and Panay, besides the many others serving as laborers and crews of the ships. (Sucesos De Las Islas Filipinas) 1559 - July 21, 1636 Antonio de Morga His history is valuable in that Morgahad access to the survivors of the earliest days of the colony and he, himself, participated in many of the accounts that he rendered. have studied, I deem it necessary to quote the testimony of an illustrious Spaniard who Nevertheless in other lands, notably in Flanders, these means were ineffective to keep the church unchanged, or to maintain its supremacy, or even to hold its subjects. When the Spaniards came to conquer the islands, he had been so passionate to know the true conditions of the Philippines. The Hakluyt Society deserves our thanks for publishing a second English translation. This condition continued till the end of the year 1844, when the 31st of December was by special arrangement among the authorities dropped from the calendar for that year. the King of Spain had arranged with certain members of Philippine religious orders that, A century later this remark was repeated: Spaniards come to the Islands as to an inn where they live and die as passengers; and a rich man is always within an ace of poverty (Velarde, P. Murillo, Historia de la Provincia de Philipinas, II Pte, (Manila, 1749), 272.Google Scholar, 34. for this article. But imagine how difficult it was to search for information during those Their coats of mail and helmets, of which there are specimens in various European museums, attest their great advancement in this industry. His honesty and fine qualities, talent and personal bravery, all won the admiration of the Filipinos. A stone house for the bishop was built before starting on the governor-general's residence. neighboring islands but into Manila Bay to Malate, to the very gates of the capital, and Morgas work, Vigan was his encomienda and the Ilokanos there were his heirs. Morga says that the 250 Chinese oarsmen who manned Governor Dasmarias' swift galley were under pay and had the special favor of not being chained to their benches. Governor Antonio de Morga was not only the first to write but also the first to 39. God grant that it may not be the last, though to judge by statistics the It may be so, but what about the committed by the islanders? He was brought to Manila to be a Lieutenant Governor in 1593 and published the book, Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas under guise of preaching the faith and making Christians, they should win over the Unbalanced as this madcap programme may seem it could well have had supporters, for some Spaniards saw the struggle in Asia as a re-enactment of their domestic crusade against Islam; the two opposing religions had circled the globe in opposite directions to meet again to continue the struggle. Historians, including Rizal, have noticed a definite bias, a lot of created stories and distorted facts in the book just to fit Morgas defense of the Spanish conquest. The islands came under Spanish sovereignty and control through compacts, treaties of friendship and alliances for reciprocity. A Dominican brother describes a colleague's love of penance; he showed no longing to return to Spain, a rare thing indeed here. It continued to work until 1805. God grant that it may not be the last, though to judge by statistics the civilized islands are losing their populations at a terrible rate. Now it is known that Magellan was mistaken when he represented to the King of Spain that the Molucca Islands were within the limits assigned by the Pope to the Spaniards. Through the centuries, Jose Rizal has been known to be an earnest seeker of truth it is this characteristic that marked him as a great historian. He authored the book, Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas been preserved as from them it would have been possible to learn much of the Filipinos' "The women were very expert in lacemaking, so much so that they were not at all behind the women of Flanders.". conversions without other Filipinos along and a guard of soldiers. The Spaniards, says Morga, were accustomed to hold as slaves such natives as Cummins Taylor & Francis, May 15, 2017 - History - 360 pages 0 Reviews Reviews aren't verified, but Google checks for and removes. Torres-Navas, , IV, 146, 148, 172; V, 59.Google Scholar, 20. It was Dr. Blumentritt, a knowledgeable Filipinologist, who recommended Dr. Antonio Morgas Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, which, according to many scholars, had an honest description of the Philippine situation during the Spanish period. Name ______________________________________ Score _____________, Course and Section _________________________ Date ______________. The escort's Of the native Manila rulers at the coming of the Spaniards, Raja Soliman was called "Rahang mura", or young king, in distinction from the old king, "Rahang matanda". Parque Nacional del ro subterrneo de Puerto Princesa (Filipinas) Parque Nacional del ro subterrneo de Puerto Princesa. In order to support this supposition, Rizal went to look for a reliable account of the Philippines in the early days and at the onset of Spanish Colonization. To learn how to manage your cookie settings, please see our Cookie Policy. 3. natives of the latter two countries have come here. The artillery cast for the new stone fort in Manila, says Morga, was by the hand of Of the government of Dr. Francisco de Sande 3. The English, for example, find their gorge rising when they see a Spaniard eating snails, while in turn the Spanish find roast beef English-style repugnant and can't understand the relish of other Europeans for beefsteak a la Tartar which to them is simply raw meat. King of Spain, according to historic documents, was because the Portuguese King had government official for 43 years in the Philippines (1594-1604), New Spain and Peru. 25. differences on their descriptions of the Filipino culture and write it down using The conversions by the Spaniards were not as general as their historians claim. those who had "pacified" them, he means "divided up among." personal involvement and knowledge, is said to be the best account of Spanish But the contrary was the fact among the mountain tribes. understand the relish of other Europeans for beefsteak a la Tartar which to them is According to him it was covetousness of the wealth aboard that led them to revolt and kill the governor. cheese, and these examples might be indefinitely extended. Spanish expansion and so there was complaint of missionaries other than Spanish Some stayed in Manila as prisoners, one, Governor Corcuera, passing five years with Witness the Moluccas where Spanish missionaries served as spies; But in our day it has been more than a century since the natives of the latter two countries have come here.